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Manufacturer Usage Description (MUD) is a proposed IETF standard enabling local area networks (LAN) to automatically configure their access control when adding a new IoT device based on the recommendations provided for that device by the manufacturer. MUD has been proposed as an isolation-based defensive mechanism with a focus on devices in the home, where there is no dedicated network administrator. In this paper, we describe the efficacy of MUD for a generic IoT device under different threat scenarios in the context of the Fog. We propose a method to use rate limiting to prevent end devices from participating in denial of service attacks (DDoS), including against the Fog itself. We illustrate our assumptions by providing a possible real world example and describe the benefits for MUD in the Fog for various stakeholders. 

Secure installation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices requires configuring access control correctly for each device. In order to enable correct configuration Manufacturer Usage Description (MUD) has been developed by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to automate the protection of IoT devices by micro-segmentation using dynamic access control lists. The protocol defines a conceptually straightforward method to implement access control upon installation by providing a list of every authorized access for each device. This access control list may contain a few rules or hundreds of rules for each device. As a result, validating these rules is a challenge. In order to make the MUD standard more usable for developers, system integrators, and network operators, we report on an interactive system called MUD-Visualizer that visualizes the files containing these access control rules. We show that, unlike manual analysis, the level of the knowledge and experience does not affect the accuracy of the analysis when MUD-Visualizer is used, indicating that the tool is effective for all participants in our study across knowledge and experience levels. 

. Manufacturer Usage Description (MUD) is an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard designed to protect IoT devices and networks by creating an out-of-the-box access control list for an IoT device. Access control list of each device is defined in its MUD-File and may contain possibly hundreds of access control rules. As a result, reading and validating these files is a challenge; and determining how multiple IoT devices interact is difficult for the developer and infeasible for the consumer. To address this we introduce the MUD-Visualizer to provide a visualization of any number of MUD-Files. MUD-Visualizer is designed to enable developers to produce correct MUD-Files by providing format correction, integrating them with other MUD-Files, and identifying conflicts through visualization. MUD-Visualizer is scalable and its core task is to merge and illustrate ACEs for multiple devices; both within and beyond the local area network. MUD-Visualizer is made publicly available and can be found in GitHub. 

Internet of Things (IoT) devices, web browsers, phones, and even cars may be fingerprinted for tracking, and their connections routed through or to malicious entities. When IoT devices interact with a remote service, the integrity or authentication of that service is not guaranteed. IoT and other edge devices could be subject to man-in-the-middle (MiTM) attacks, with IoT devices attempting to connect to remote services. It is also straight-forward to use phishing or pharming to convince a user to accept a connection to a potentially malicious unfamiliar device. These risks could be mitigated by leveraging information on the edge of the network about the path to and destination of a connection. In this work we sample packets, then use packet analysis and local history to identify risky or suspicious connections. In contrast to other machine learning and big data approaches, the use of local data enables risk detection without loss of privacy.